The effect of three species of red marine algae laurencia obtusa, corallina elongata and. Use of biofertilizers in the soil, makes the plants healthy as well as protect them from getting any diseases. Rejuvenation of biofertilizer for sustainable agriculture and economic development dr. In addition, biofertilizers are cost effective when compared to synthetic fertilizers. This chapter provides an overview of the role of algae as biofertilizers. They can be substitutes of the conventional chemical fertilizers due to its ubiquity, enhanced metabolic flux, short generation time and inherent capabilities to transform inert n.
Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. Using biofertilizers can increase the crop yield by 20 or 30 percent. Biofertilizers biofertilizers are an environmentally friendly substitute for harmful chemical fertilizers. Modern farming practices affect our world, by the way of land degradation, nutrient runoff, soil erosion, water pollution, soil compaction, loss of cultivated biodiversity, habitat. The promotive effect of algal biofertilizers on growth, protein pattern and some metabolic activities of lupinus termis plants grown in siliceous soil author s. The usage of these biofertilizers is not dependent on the crops cultivated on the soil.
Effect of some red marine algae as biofertilizers on growth of maize. In waterlogging condition, the cyanobacteria multiply, fix atmospheric n 2 and release it into the surroundings in the form of amino acids, proteins and other growth. At present, biofertilizers are supplied to the farmers as carrier based inoculants. Biofertilizers contain different types of fungi, root bacteria or other microorganisms. Pallabi mishra abitjrd tata institute of management, odisha, india email. Chemical fertilizers are being used in increasing amounts in order to increase output in high yielding varieties of crop plants. Marine algae are used as fertilizers on farmlands close to the sea, examples. They transform organic matter into nutrients that can be used to make plants healthy and productive. Thus, rhizobium for legumes, bluegreen algae and azolla for wetland rice, azotobacter and azospirillum for several crops can play significant roles in revegetation. Mcrc have been interested in microorganisms mainly nitrogen fixers, phosphate solubilizers, cellulose degraders and mycorrhizae as main sources for biofertilizer and production of these strains in low cost medium. Certain soil microorganisms have an ability to absorb and convert atmospheric nitrogen to the readily available form to the plants. As an alternative, liquid formulation technology has been developed in the department of.
Aulosira, anabaena, cylindrospermum, nostoc, plectonema, tolypothrix in the paddy fields was realized much earlier singh, 1961. With the development, the land area under farming is not increasing but is further decreasing, this has. Azolla as a bio fertilizer azolla is a tiny fresh water fern common in ponds, ditches and rice fields. Biofertilizers are defined as preparations containing living cells or latent cells of efficient strains of microorganisms that help crop plants. Biofertilizer bluegreen algae cyanobacteria role of the bluegreen algae e. Biofertilizer is a substance which contains microorganisms, when applied to the field, colonizes the plant rhizosphere or enters into the plant vascular system and promotes growth, by increasing the micro nutrients availability to the plant. A biofertilizer is a substance which contains living microorganisms which, when applied to seed, plant surfaces, or soil, colonizes the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promotes. Phosphorus biofertlizers help the soil to correct the phosphorus level. Application of biofertilizers results in increased mineral and water uptake, root development, vegetative growth and yield of a good quality. As the agricultural sector focuses on research methods to find effective bio fertilizers which can promote crop yield and at the same time do not cause damage to the ecosystem.
Producing a biofertilizer with microalgae and wastewater. The biofertilizers market is driven primarily by the increasing organic farmland as well as the rising acceptance of biofertilizers among farmers. Marine algae for agricultural sector for high yield journal of. Most legumes can provide enough nitrogen for their physiological needs. Jania rubens was evaluated as biofertilizer to enhance growth of. Introdution a biofertilizer is a substance which contains living microorganisms, when applied to seed, plant surfaces, or soil, colonizes the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promotes growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary nutrients to the host plant. Even the growth rate of both production and consumption of biofertilizer in india is quite. Biofertilizers improve the nutrient availability to the crops in which biological process is involved.
Biofertilizers is one of the prime input in organic farming not only enhances the crop growth and yield but also improves the soil health and sustain soil fertility. Some red algae used as biofertilizers have been found to augment growth nutritional value and yield of crop plants. Biofertilizers function as key player in sustainable. There are several limitations to the use of biofertilizer for agricultural system. Azotobacter are used as biofertilizers for the development of various vegetable plants such as mustard, maize, wheat, cotton etc. Just like nitrogen, phosphorus is a limiting factor for plant growth. The microorganisms in biofertilizers reestablish natural nutrient cycle, maintain optimum nutrient level in soil and also increase soil organic matter content as a result healthy plants can be grown, while upholding sustainability and fertility of the soil singh et. Chatterjee and others published role of algae as biofertilizer find, read and cite all the research you need on. Biostimulants and biofertilisers are considered environmentally. Abstract with the ongoing adverse effects of using chemical fertilizers to both the plants, human and animal life, it has become imperative to seek an alternative to this menace. Recent advances in biofertilizers and biofungicides pgpr. Azospirillum is applied in the millets, sorghum, sugarcane, maize and wheat field. Biofertilizer use in indian agriculture management dr.
Generally, biologists classify algae into four categories according to their sise. It has been used as a biofertilizer for a rice in all major rice growing countries including india, thailand, korea, philippines, brazil and west africa. Biofertilizer algae spirulina wastewater nitrogen nutrients. A biofertilizer also biofertilizer is a substance which contains living microorganisms which, when applied to seeds, plant surfaces, or soil, colonize the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promotes growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary nutrients to the host plant. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Algal communities from wastewaters with optimal npk ratio and secondary nutrients are therefore model biofertilizers. The promotive effect of algal biofertilizers on growth. Algalization has been employed for reducing the amount of exchangeable sodium, which results in altered soil ph and leads to reclamation of sodic soils. Large scale commercial production of crops faces several issues such as soil acidification, diseases and pest attacks. Bio fertilizer production and marketing 1 introduction biofertilizers are selective live microorganism like bacteria, fungi and algae. They form a mutually beneficial or symbiotic relationship with host plants as they grow in the soil.
Biofertilizers are a natural way to get the benefits of synthetic fertilizers without risking the quality of soil health and crop products. The need for the use of biofertilizers has arisen, primarily for two reasons. A biofertilizer also biofertilizer is a substance which contains living microorganisms which. Legumes play an important role in sustainable management of dry arid regions.
Bio fertilizers are a suitable supplement to chemical fertilizers to meet the integrated nutrient demand of the crops. Potential of azotobacter in agriculture gerlach and vogel 1902 initiated work on artificial inoculation of seeds with a. Biofertilizer is a substance which contains living microorganism which, when applied to seed, plant surfaces, or soil, colonizes the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promotes growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary. Advantages and disadvantages of biofertilizers hunker. With daybyday increasing the population, especially in developing countries like india, the stress on agriculture is also increasing continuously. Cereals and grains dominated the industry and accounted for over 40% of the biofertilizers market share in 2016. The effect of some bacteria strains and algae extraction as soil biofertilizers on growth of bitter orange citrus aurantium, l.
Significant increase in soil polysaccharides, dehydrogenase, urease, and phosphatase activities was recorded. Various types of biofertlizers biotechnologyforums. Phosphorus biofertilizers help the soil to attain its optimum level of phosphorus and correct the phosphorus levels in the soil. Sandeep kumar bangarwa biofertilizer is a substance which contains living microorganism which, when applied to seed, plant surfaces, or soil, colonizes the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promotes growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary nutrients to the host plant. Biofertilizer as an alternative for chemical fertilizers maria ajmal, hafiza iqra ali, rashid saeed, asna akhtar, muniba tahir, muhammad zain mehboob and aneesa ayub nawaz sharif medical college, university of gujrat, gujrat, punjab, pakistan research article abstract the agriculture industry plays a vital role in the survival of nations. Use of biofertilizers and organic inputs as lisa technology by farmers of sangamner. Effect of mycorrhizal interactions on nutrient uptake and pathogen resistance. Microbial biofertilizers and their potential in sustainable agriculture dr. They are eco friendly, non toxic, easy to use, economical bio. Biofertilizer as an alternative for chemical fertilizers. This type of biofertilizers helps the agriculturists to determine the nitrogen level in the soil.
A natural biofertilizer shefali poonia department of botany, d. However, chemical fertilizers cause pollution of water bodies as well as ground water, besides getting stored in crop plants. The biofertilizers provide nutrients to the plants, control soilborne diseases, and maintain soil structure. Kakali majumdar assistant professor, faculty of management, shri mata vaishno. Rhizobium is used to increase the capacity of nitrogen fixation in the leguminous plants. Biofertilizers have many advantages and a few disadvantages. Biofertilizers are biologically active products or microbial inoculants of bacteria, algae and fungi separately or in combination, which may help biological nitrogen fixation for the benefit of plants. In this article we will discuss about the production of various biofertilizers. Bluegreen algae can be helpful in agriculture as they have the capability to fix atmospheric nitrogen to soil. Biofertilizers add nutrients through the natural processes of nitrogen fixation, solubilizing. Rising demand for high nutritional content grains contributing towards better health is the major factor fueling the industry growth. Biofertilizers cannot meet the total nutrient needs and are in fact one of the inputs that can be used along with other fertilizers. Effect of surface growth of inoculated bga on subsurface properties of a brown earth, silt loam soil was studied by rao and burns 29. Pdf the promotive effect of different concentrations of marine.
Agricultural food security is essential for development and. Algae as biofertilizer influences soil aggregation and soil porosity. Scientists have developed biofertilizers to prevent pollution and to make this world healthy for everybody in a natural way. Blue green algae such as nostoc, tolypothrix, anabaena, and aulosira fix. Soil is a natural habitat of variety of agriculturally benef icial microorganisms.
Home process producing a biofertilizer with microalgae and wastewater. As nitrogen biofertilizers depend on the cultivating crops, phosphorus biofertlizers do not depend on the cultivating crops. In this article, the present viewpoint of sustainable agriculture and environment includes ecofriendly, lowcost farming with the help of bioagents like cyanobacteria based on. Biofertilizers are the substances that contain living strains of microorganisms that, when applied to the soil, seed ort plant surfaces, inhibit in the interiors of plants the rhizosphere and promote growth by increasing the availability or supply of essential nutrients to the plant.
Algal communities from wastewaters with optimal npk ratio and secondary. Microbial biofertilizers play a pivotal role in sustainable agriculture. Influence of some bacteria strains and algae as biofertilizers on. Biofertilizer advantages, types, working principle agri. International journal of current microbiology and applied. Marine algae, biofertilizers, ear, grains zea mays l, ascorbic acid, total.
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